足球的规则用英语怎么说

Football is the name given to a number of different, but related, team sports. The most popular of these sports is association football, also known as soccer. Soccer is played by two teams of eleven players each, with the objective of scoring more goals than the opposing team. To ensure fair play and maintain order during the game, football has a set of rules that dictate the players' actions and the consequences for breaking those rules. In this article, we will explore the rules of football and their corresponding English terms.

1. Foul (犯规)

Fouls are infractions committed by players that are against the rules of the game. These can include tackling an opponent in a dangerous or reckless manner, tripping, pushing, or striking an opponent, or handling the ball deliberately with the hands. When a foul is committed, the opposing team is awarded either a free-kick, a penalty kick, or an indirect free-kick, depending on the severity and location of the foul.

2. Professional foul (战术犯规)

A professional foul is a deliberate foul committed by a player to prevent an opponent from scoring a goal or gaining an advantage. This can include tripping, holding, or obstructing the opponent in a way that disrupts their progress. Professional fouls are often punished with a yellow or red card, depending on the severity of the foul and the intention behind it.

3. Obstruction (阻挡犯规)

Obstruction is a type of foul where a player deliberately obstructs the path of an opponent who is not in possession of the ball. This can include blocking the opponent's movement or impeding their progress by physical contact. Obstruction is considered a violation of fair play and can result in a free-kick for the opposing team.

4. Handball (手球)

Handball refers to the act of a player intentionally touching the ball with their hand or arm. In most cases, this is not allowed, unless the player is the goalkeeper within their own penalty area. If a player deliberately handles the ball, the opposing team is awarded a free-kick or penalty kick, depending on where the offense took place.

5. Substitute (替补队员)

Substitutes are players who are not part of the starting lineup but can be brought into the game to replace an injured or fatigued player. Each team is allowed a certain number of substitutions, typically three, during a match. These substitutes must follow the same rules as the other players when they enter the game.

6. Extra time (加时赛)

Extra time refers to additional playing time that is added to a match if the score is tied at the end of normal playing time. Extra time is played in two halves, each lasting 15 minutes, with a break in between. If the score remains tied after extra time, the game may proceed to a penalty shootout to determine the winner.

7. Throw-in (掷界外球)

A throw-in is a method of restarting play when the ball has gone out of bounds along the touchline. When the ball goes out of play, the team that did not touch the ball last is awarded a throw-in. The player taking the throw-in must keep both feet on the ground and throw the ball from behind their head with both hands.

8. Offside (越位)

Offside is a rule that determines when a player is in an offside position during an attacking play. A player is considered offside if they are nearer to the opponent's goal line than both the ball and the second-to-last defender at the moment the ball is played to them. If a player is caught offside, the opposing team is awarded a free-kick.

In conclusion, understanding the rules of football is essential for enjoying and appreciating the game. This article has provided an overview of some key rules and their corresponding English terms. By familiarizing yourself with these terms, you can better understand the actions and decisions made by players and referees during a football match.